Sleep Apnea Syndromes: Bruni O

Villa MP, Brunetti L, Bruni O, Cirignotta F, Cozza P, Donzelli G, Ferini Strambi L, Levrini L, Mondini S, Nespoli L, Nosetti L, Pagani J, Zucconi M, Anonymous00069. · Gruppo di Studio interdisciplinare disturbi respiratori nel sonno, Società Italiana di Pediatria, Rome, Italy. · Minerva Pediatr. · Pubmed #15252374 links to  free full text

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Bruni O. · No affiliation provided · J Pediatr (Rio J). · Pubmed #18372929 links to  free full text

This publication has no abstract.

Kheirandish-Gozal L, Miano S, Bruni O, Ferri R, Pagani J, Villa MP, Gozal D. · Division of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. · Sleep. · Pubmed #17520789 No free full text.

Abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To evaluate NREM sleep instability, as measured by the cyclic alternating pattern (CAP), in a cohort of children with mild sleep disordered breathing (SDB) or frank obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and normal controls. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTINGS: Sleep laboratory in academic center. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-two patients (13 boys; mean age 6.5 +/- 2.4 years; 10 with mild SDB and 12 with OSA) and 15 normal children matched for age underwent overnight polysomnographic recordings in a standard laboratory setting. Sleep was visually scored for sleep macrostructure and CAP in a blinded fashion using standard criteria. Markovian analysis was also performed. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Participants with OSA had reduced total CAP rates than normal controls and mild SDB patients. Children with mild SDB or OSA had a lower number of A1, lower A1 percentage, and lower A1 index than controls. Children with OSA also showed longer intervals between consecutive A phases and a decrease in entropy in the Markovian analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The lower CAP rate and its reduced entropy in children with mild SDB or OSA seem to indicate the presence of subtle sleep alterations that are not clearly identifiable with other approaches and might provide more robust correlates of neurocognitive and behavioral dysfunction in snoring children.

Carotenuto M, Bruni O, Santoro N, Del Giudice EM, Perrone L, Pascotto A. · Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Second University of Naples, Via Luigi Pansini no. 5-PAD XI, 80131 Naples, Italy. · Sleep Med. · Pubmed #16713341 No free full text.

Abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To assess the presence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in a population of obese children and adolescents and to investigate the role of fat distribution in predicting SDB. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred and thirty-two obese children and adolescents, aged 5.0-14.2 years, were consecutively referred to the Department of Pediatrics of the Second University of Naples for screening of obesity. The control group consisted of 453, sex- and age-matched lean subjects selected from local schools in Campania region. The sleep disturbances scale for children (SDSC) questionnaire was used to evaluate SDB prevalence. In all subjects, waist circumference, triceps and sub-scapular skin folds were measured, and Z-scores were calculated. RESULTS: Obese subjects showed significantly higher SDB and sleep hyperhydrosis (SHY) scores than controls. The Z-score of waist circumference correlated with SDB (r=0.32; P=0.006) and SHY factor scores (r=0.37; P=0.005), while the Z-score of body mass index (BMI), triceps and sub-scapular skin folds were not correlated with any SDSC factor scores. Subjects in the higher tertile for Z-score of waist circumference had a significantly higher risk for developing SDB (OR 1.9; 95% IC 1.8-3.2) and SHY (OR 2.1; 95% IC 2.0-4.5). CONCLUSIONS: Waist circumference is a more reliable index than total adiposity and subcutaneous fat in predicting the risk of obese children to develop SDB.

Miano S, Bruni O, Elia M, Musumeci SA, Verrillo E, Ferri R. · Sleep Research Centre, Oasi Institute for Research on Mental Retardation and Brain Aging (IRCCS), Troina, Italy. · Clin Neurophysiol. · Pubmed #16213786 No free full text.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the sleep breathing patterns and to detect the eventual presence of periodic leg movements (PLMs) in patients affected by Angelman syndrome (AS). METHODS: Ten children with AS were recruited to participate in the study; the clinical diagnosis was confirmed by the genetic analysis (maternal 15q deletion, uniparental paternal disomy, or mutation of the UBE3A gene). All patients but two had presented epileptic seizures. Two age-matched groups of patients with mental retardation (MR) associated (MRE+) or not (MRE-) to epilepsy were used as control groups. All subjects underwent one polysomnographic recording, after one adaptation night. Sleep stages were scored according to standard criteria slightly modified in order to take into account the specific EEG patterns of AS, also the apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) was quantified; PLMs were identified and the PLM index (PLMI) was computed. The statistical analysis was carried out by means of the one-way ANOVA, followed by the Fisher LSD post-hoc test, when appropriate, and by means of the linear correlation coefficient between AHI and PLMI. RESULTS: Sleep macrostructure showed only few significant differences between children with AS and the other two groups of subjects: AS patients showed higher percentage of wakefulness after sleep onset and sleep onset latency; moreover, the percentage of REM sleep was reduced in AS and in MRE+ subjects. A tendency for AS subjects to present a higher PLMI than the other two groups was also found. AHI >5 was found in 30% of AS subjects, in 30.8% of MRE+, and only in 20% of MRE- patients (chi(2) = 2.359, NS); 70% of AS patients, 38.5% of MRE+, and 46.7% of MRE- subjects had PLMI >5 (chi(2) = 3.088, NS). CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm our previous questionnaire-based findings of a high prevalence of sleep breathing disorder and important PLMs in AS and allow us to hypothesize that epilepsy, rather than mental retardation, might exacerbate these sleep disorders. SIGNIFICANCE: Sleep breathing disorder and PLMs might contribute to the cognitive impairment and to the worsening of life quality of subjects with AS and with MR (mostly those with epilepsy). Therefore, our findings suggest the need to explore these sleep disorders in children affected by MR and to set up a correct treatment.