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Review Cognitive and behavioural impairment in Parkinson's disease. 2008
Merims D, Freedman M. · Division of Neurology and Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto. · Int Rev Psychiatry. · Pubmed #18925485 No free full text.
Abstract: Although Parkinson's disease (PD) has been considered to primarily affect motor abilities, increasing emphasis is being placed on cognitive and behavioural impairment in this disorder. Depression, dementia, psychosis and impulse control disorders have a major impact on quality of life for both patients and families. This article reviews cognitive and behavioural disturbances in PD and their relation to affective and motor symptoms, treatment of dementia associated with PD, and treatment approaches to psychosis in PD. We also discuss similarities between the dementia of PD and dementia with Lewy bodies.
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Review Cognitive and behavioral changes in the Parkinson-plus syndromes. 2005
Cohen S, Freedman M. · Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. · Adv Neurol. · Pubmed #16383219 No free full text.
This publication has no abstract.
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Article A neuropsychological comparison of demented and nondemented patients with Parkinson's disease. 1999
Zakzanis KK, Freedman M. · Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Canada. · Appl Neuropsychol. · Pubmed #10497689 No free full text.
Abstract: The strength and sensitivity of neuropsychological test findings in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) was reviewed using meta-analytic principles to provide a basis of comparison of deficits in nondemented and demented patients with PD. The review revealed significant relationships among duration of disease, physical disability, and cognitive impairment in nondemented patients, and qualitative and quantitative differences in the pattern of neuropsychological test impairments between nondemented and demented patients with PD. The disparate profiles of neuropsychological impairment in nondemented and demented patients may indeed reflect disease progression in keeping with the significant clinical correlations in nondemented patients. That is, as the duration of the disease endures, it appears that performance on tasks of delayed recall deteriorates first, followed by performance on measures of manual dexterity, cognitive flexibility, and abstraction.
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