Multiple Sclerosis

Gronseth GS, Ashman EJ. · American Academy of Neurology, St. Paul, MN 55116, USA. · Neurology. · Pubmed #10802774 No free full text.

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Rieckmann P, Toyka KV. · Klinische Forschungsgruppe für Multiple Sklerose und Neuroimmunologie, Neurologische Universitätsklinik, Würzburg, Deutschland. · Eur Neurol. · Pubmed #10529535 No free full text.

Abstract: The promising results of several multicenter studies during the last few years have improved the immunomodulatory treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). The different compounds tested were shown to reduce the number of relapses and to modulate the course of disease to various extents. The transition of the results obtained in therapeutic trials into daily clinical practice is often delayed or even hampered by monetary restrictions or reluctance of the medical community to adjust their approach to new treatments. After an initial inquiry had shown that less than 50% of eligible patients received any active immunomodulating treatment, a consensus group of Austrian, German and Swiss MS societies was formed in order to prepare a report of the current treatment options in MS. The aim of this report is to present the consensus on a new concept of escalating immunotherapy in MS. Future updates of the report are planned on a yearly basis or whenever substantial new evidence becomes available.

Goodkin DE, Reingold S, Sibley W, Wolinsky J, McFarland H, Cookfair D, Lublin F. · UCSF/MT Zion Multiple Sclerosis Center, San Francisco, CA 95115, USA. · Ann Neurol. · Pubmed #10401793 No free full text.

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Whitmarsh TE. · No affiliation provided · J Altern Complement Med. · Pubmed #19500009 No free full text.

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Mitsdoerffer M, Kuchroo V. · No affiliation provided · Ann Neurol. · Pubmed #19479722 No free full text.

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Boster A, Racke MK. · No affiliation provided · Expert Opin Pharmacother. · Pubmed #19463066 No free full text.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Currently approved disease-modifying therapies for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) include two different interferon beta-1a (IFNB-1a) preparations: subcutaneous IFNB-1a (Rebif) 44 microg three times weekly and intramuscular IFNB-1a (Avonex) 30 microg once weekly. OBJECTIVE: This evaluation is of the Prospective and Retrospective Long-Term Observational Study of Avonex and Rebif (PROOF), which intended to compare relative efficacy and tolerability of the two INFB-1a products. METHODS: PROOF was analyzed in light of previous head-to-head studies comparing high- and low-frequency IFNB therapies. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: Several limitations, including a retrospective-prospective design, retrospective assessment of variables without predefined criteria, limited prospective evaluation, and inadequate sample size, necessitate careful interpretation of their Results. Ultimately, the question of long-term efficacy of high- versus low-frequency INFB therapies remains unanswered.

Hernández-Lahoz C, Rodríguez S, Tuñón A, Saiz A, Santamarta E, Rodrigo L. · Servicio de Neurología II. Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias. Oviedo. · Neurologia. · Pubmed #19418302 links to  free full text

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Rodríguez Regal A, Del Campo Amigo M, Paz-Esquete J, Martínez Feijoo A, Cebrián E, Suárez Gil P, Mouriño M. · No affiliation provided · Neurologia. · Pubmed #19418294 links to  free full text

Abstract: Introduction. Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated that there is a genetic factor of susceptibility in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and that the environmental factors play an important important role in their development. Smoking is among the environment factors studied. In fact, several studies have established a relationship between smoking and multiple sclerosis, although most of them did not find significant results or found that these were contradictory. Objective. To evaluate the influence of the smoking habit on the risk of suffering MS. Methods. This was a case-control matched study with 138 patients diagnosed of MS according to the McDonald criteria who were paired with the same number of controls of the same gender, residents in the same city and having the same age +/-2 years. Demographic data, smoking status (never, always smokers, exsmokers), Kurtzke disability status scale (EDSS) and type of MS were collected. Results. Out of a total of 138 MS patients (93 women, 43 men), 110 had relapsing-remitting MS, 20 secondary progressive MS and 7 primary progressive MS. Most of the patients were smokers and ex-smokers (63%). In the control group, only the 41,3% were smokers/ex-smokers. Moreover, the age of onset for smoking was earlier in the case group. Conclusion. Being a smoker/ex-smoker implies a 27% greater risk of developing MS compared to those who have never smoked. This risk is statistically significant for women but not for men due to the low number of them in the sample. Key words: Multiple sclerosis; tobacco; epidemiology; risk factor; case-control study. Neurología 2009;24(3):177-180.

Han MH, Steinman L. · No affiliation provided · Mult Scler. · Pubmed #19389747 No free full text.

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Trojano M, Avolio C. · No affiliation provided · J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. · Pubmed #19372286 No free full text.

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Sorensen PS. · No affiliation provided · Eur J Neurol. · Pubmed #19364360 No free full text.

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McKeon A, Pittock SJ. · No affiliation provided · Eur J Neurol. · Pubmed #19348617 No free full text.

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Arnold DL, Goodin DS. · No affiliation provided · Ann Neurol. · Pubmed #19334057 No free full text.

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Mayo N, Asano M. · No affiliation provided · Mult Scler. · Pubmed #19324978 No free full text.

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Tintore M, Sastre-Garriga J. · No affiliation provided · Mult Scler. · Pubmed #19324977 No free full text.

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García-Molina A, Enseñat-Cantallops A, Sánchez-Carrión R, Roig-Rovira T. · Institut Universitari de Neurorrehabilitació Guttmann-UAB. Badalona (Barcelona). · Neurologia. · Pubmed #19322686 links to  free full text

Abstract: Introduction. Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) may have an impairment in their decision-making. Altered decision making is a known cause of functional impairment in daily living activities and in the patient's autonomy, negatively contributing to their quality of life. Objective. The current study assessed the decision-making capacity of patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) compared to healthy control subjects. Patients and methods. Nineteen patients with multiple sclerosis (9 PPMS and 10 SPMS) and 18 healthy controls participated in the study. Decision-making was evaluated using a computerized version of the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), a test created to simulate punishment-reward contingencies in a real-life manner. Results. Overall, the PPMS group performed more poorly than the control and SPMS groups on the IGT. The SPMS group was not significantly impaired compared to control group on the task, but showed abnormalities of IGT performance similar to the PPMS group. Conclusions. The authors suggest that the existence of decision- making impairments in patients with multiple sclerosis can be explained by a difficulty in the acquisition of stimulus-reward contingencies. Key words: Multiple sclerosis. Decision-making. Iowa Gambling Task. Cognition. Learning. Neurología 2009;24(2):94-97.

Chitnis T, Pirko I. · No affiliation provided · Neurology. · Pubmed #19289735 No free full text.

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Franceschi C. · No affiliation provided · J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. · Pubmed #19289474 No free full text.

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Lincoln JA, Cadavid D, Pollard J, McLeod J, Prineas J, Dowling P, Cook SD. · No affiliation provided · Arch Neurol. · Pubmed #19273765 No free full text.

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Matsushita T, Tedder TF. · No affiliation provided · Expert Rev Neurother. · Pubmed #19271937 No free full text.

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Pozzilli C, Petsas N, Prosperini L. · No affiliation provided · Expert Rev Neurother. · Pubmed #19271936 No free full text.

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Green AJ. · No affiliation provided · Neurology. · Pubmed #19246422 No free full text.

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Fazekas F, Thompson A. · No affiliation provided · Mult Scler. · Pubmed #19244394 No free full text.

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Koch-Henriksen N. · No affiliation provided · Neurology. · Pubmed #19237696 No free full text.

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Rudick RA, Fisher E. · No affiliation provided · Neurology. · Pubmed #19221291 No free full text.

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