Hyperlipidemias: Asia

Hayashi T, Yokote K, Saito Y, Iguchi A. · Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Geriatrics, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya City, 466-8550, Japan. · Expert Opin Pharmacother. · Pubmed #17927486 No free full text.

Abstract: Pitavastatin, (+)-monocalcium bis(3R,5S,6E)-7-(2-cyclopropyl-4-[4-fluorophenyl]-3-quinolyl-3,5-dihydroxy-6-heptenoate), is a totally synthetic statin developed in Japan with a molecular weight of 880.98. Pitavastatin achieves its potent pharmacologic action by strongly binding and inhibiting the active site of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase, and has potent low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol-lowering effects similar to atorvastatin and rosuvastatin. One other characteristic of the agent is that pitavastatin is minimally metabolized by the cytochrome P450 isozymes; it undergoes glucuronidation and is converted to the inactive lactone form, and, therefore, the incidence of any drug interactions is reduced. Due to the promising results observed in clinical trials, it has the potential to be an excellent addition to the worldwide lipid management market.

Shimamoto K, Miura T. · Second Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University. · Nippon Rinsho. · Pubmed #17824086 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Iwata F, Okada T. · Department of Pediatrics, Nihon University School of Medicine. · Nippon Rinsho. · Pubmed #17824085 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Hayashi T. · Department of Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine. · Nippon Rinsho. · Pubmed #17824083 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Ohni M. · Department of Geriatric Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine. · Nippon Rinsho. · Pubmed #17824082 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Wakatsuki A. · Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Aichi Medical University. · Nippon Rinsho. · Pubmed #17824078 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Suzuki T, Suzuki K, Igari Y, Matsumura N, Oba K. · Department of Geriatrics, Nippon Medical School. · Nippon Rinsho. · Pubmed #17824075 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Yamamura T, Ishigami M. · Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine. · Nippon Rinsho. · Pubmed #17824071 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Ohni M. · Department of Geriatric Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine. · Nippon Rinsho. · Pubmed #17824065 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Hayashi N, Funahashi T. · Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University. · Nippon Rinsho. · Pubmed #17824064 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Igarashi M. · Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yamagata University School of Medicine. · Nippon Rinsho. · Pubmed #17824053 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Hirata K. · Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine. · Nippon Rinsho. · Pubmed #17824052 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Matsuura F. · Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University. · Nippon Rinsho. · Pubmed #17824051 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Arai H. · Department of Geriatric Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine. · Nippon Rinsho. · Pubmed #17824050 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Tsukamoto K. · Department of Metabolic Diseases, Tokyo University. · Nippon Rinsho. · Pubmed #17824045 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Nagao M, Oikawa S. · Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Nippon Medical School Hospital. · Nippon Rinsho. · Pubmed #17824043 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Arai H. · Department of Geriatric Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine. · Nippon Rinsho. · Pubmed #17824042 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Mori S, Ito H. · Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital. · Nippon Rinsho. · Pubmed #17824041 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Sato R, Okabayashi M, Kajinami K. · Department of Cardiology, Kanazawa Medical University. · Nippon Rinsho. · Pubmed #17824022 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Nishida M, Yamashita S. · Health Care Center, Osaka University. · Nippon Rinsho. · Pubmed #17824013 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Fukai S, Ouchi Y. · Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tokyo University Graduate School of Medicine. · Nippon Rinsho. · Pubmed #17821901 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Liong MT. · School of Industrial Technology, Food Technology Division, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia. · Nutr Rev. · Pubmed #17695372 No free full text.

Abstract: The conventional use of probiotics to modulate gastrointestinal health, such as in improving lactose intolerance, increasing natural resistance to infectious diseases in the gastrointestinal tract, suppressing traveler's diarrhea, and reducing bloating, has been well investigated and documented. Most of the mechanisms reported to date are mainly caused by the suppression of pathogenic bacteria. Currently, the potential applications of probiotics are being expanded beyond alleviating gastrointestinal disorders to include benefits involving antihypertension, immunomodulation, improving serum lipid profiles, and the alleviation of postmenopausal disorders. Although they seem promising, most of these postulated benefits are based on in vitro evaluations, and the lack of in vivo evidence and/or incompatible outcomes between in vitro experiments and in vivo trials has led to inconclusive claims. This present review highlights some of the previous roles of probiotics on gut health and addresses several potential roles currently being investigated.

Inoue T, Node K. · Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Medicine, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan. · Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. · Pubmed #17682928 No free full text.

Abstract: There is increasing evidence that statins reduce cardiovascular events such as coronary artery disease or stroke in hypercholesterolemic patients in both primary and secondary prevention. The striking benefit achieved with statin treatments in patients with a wide range of cholesterol levels cannot be attributed to their cholesterol lowering effect alone. Substantial data has recently accumulated showing that statins exert various effects on multiple targets, namely pleiotropic effects, especially targeting the concept of 'vascular failure', including the improvement of vascular endothelial function, inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, anti-inflammatory actions, anti-oxidative effects or stabilization of vulnerable plaques. These effects have potential in the treatments of coronary artery disease in various settings, such as prevention of its onset as well as its progression, or plaque rupture. Statin therapy should be more extensively applied even in normolipidemic patients if there are additional risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or others. Furthermore, statins may be used to intervene in earlier stage risk conditions such as postprandial hyperlipidemia or hyperglycemia, insulin resistant state, masked hypertension, or metabolic syndrome to further reduce mortality or morbidity of coronary artery disease and heart failure.

Wang J, Zhang JS. · Guang' anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China. · Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. · Pubmed #17672328 No free full text.

Abstract: According to research results of the lipid-lowering Chinese medicine at home and abroad in recent years, the paper will elaborate on the research status of the antihyperlipidemia effects of chinese medicine from the aspects of its vitro screening model, effective monomer, compounding, single medicine and antihyperlipidemia traditional Chinese medicine patent prescription. Put the ideas of development and use on the antihyperlipidemia effects of chinese medicine effective monomer and components medicine compatibility, emphasize on through new medicine screening cell model to find the antihyperlipidemia effects of chinese medicine monomer and antihyperlipidemia mechanism, breakthrough the single mode to use the accumulate of experience in clinical research as the development of new drugs. Study against the changes of the single-ingredient fixed component, the modify of the effective components combination of different drugs, the component compatibility of the different pathological link and the properties of the effective monomer, accelerate the theoretical innovation about the combination of effective medicine monomer, improve the research levels of the medicine combination from pieces to component, make the action target, link, and mechanism of herbal pharmacology more clear, promote the new Chinese herbal research, the improvement of the clinical efficient and the theory innovation of traditional chinese medicine.

Koh KK, Quon MJ, Waclawiw MA. · Vascular Medicine and Atherosclerosis Unit, Division of Cardiology, Gachon University, Gil Medical Center, 1198 Kuwol-dong, Namdong-gu, Incheon 405-760, South Korea. · Atherosclerosis. · Pubmed #17662294 No free full text.

Abstract: 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) are unequivocally useful for lowering cholesterol levels in patients with dyslipidemias characterized by elevations in total and/or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The beneficial effects of statins to lower serum cholesterol translate into significant reductions in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In addition to lowering cholesterol levels, statins have other biological effects relevant to cardiovascular homeostasis including anti-inflammatory actions and downregulation of angiotensin type 1 receptor expression that contribute to improvements in endothelial function and arterial compliance. Since endothelial dysfunction and reduced arterial compliance are important pathophysiological determinants of essential hypertension, these actions of statins raise the possibility that statin therapy may be useful for simultaneously treating dyslipidemias and hypertension. However, it has been unclear whether statins are effective in lowering blood pressure. This controversy stems from a variety of methodological limitations including inadequate sample size, confounding effects of antihypertensive drugs, differences in blood pressure measurement techniques, and differences in patient populations. However, based on published results from both small clinical studies and large randomized clinical trials, statins modestly lower blood pressure in patients with high, but not normal, blood pressure, regardless of cholesterol level.