Hepatitis: Zhuang H

Lu FM, Zhuang H. · No affiliation provided · Chin Med J (Engl). · Pubmed #19187608 links to  free full text

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Zhuang H. · No affiliation provided · Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. · Pubmed #19080130 No free full text.

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Jia JD, Zhuang H. · No affiliation provided · Chin Med J (Engl). · Pubmed #18167195 links to  free full text

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Zhuang H. · No affiliation provided · Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi. · Pubmed #17784512 No free full text.

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Zhuang H. · No affiliation provided · Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. · Pubmed #16792860 No free full text.

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Zhuang H. · No affiliation provided · Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. · Pubmed #15918962 No free full text.

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Zhuang H, Zhou YH. · No affiliation provided · Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. · Pubmed #15498237 No free full text.

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Zhuang H. · No affiliation provided · Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. · Pubmed #15233114 No free full text.

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Zhuang H. · No affiliation provided · Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. · Pubmed #15231153 No free full text.

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Zhuang H. · No affiliation provided · Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. · Pubmed #14980099 No free full text.

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Zhuang H. · No affiliation provided · Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. · Pubmed #14761270 No free full text.

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Zhou YH, Wu C, Zhuang H. · Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu, China. · Chin Med J (Engl). · Pubmed #19187625 links to  free full text

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review the implementation of mass vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine and its critical role in prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in China. DATA SOURCES: The data were mainly from PubMed, China Hospital Knowledge Database, and other popular Chinese journals published from 1980 to 2008. The search term was "hepatitis B vaccine". STUDY SELECTION: Original studies conducted in China and critical reviews authored by principal investigators in the field of hepatology in China were selected. RESULTS: Chinese investigators started to develop hepatitis B vaccine in late 1970s. The first home-made plasma-derived vaccine became available in 1986, which has been completely replaced by the domestically produced recombinant (yeast or Chinese hamster ovary cell) vaccine since 2001. China health authority recommended vaccinating all infants in 1992. From then on, China has put tremendous efforts in implementation of mass vaccination. The overall coverage of hepatitis B vaccine in infants has increased steadily and reached more than 95.0% in urban and 83.0% - 97.0% in rural areas. The chronic HBV carrier rate in children < 10 years of age decreased from 10.0% before the mass vaccination to 1.0% - 2.0% in 2006, and that in general population decreased from 10.0% to 7.2%; overall, the nationwide mass hepatitis B vaccination has reduced more than 30 million of chronic HBV infections and HBV related severe sequlae. CONCLUSION: The Chinese successful experience in control of hepatitis B by mass vaccination offers an example for any unindustrialized country whoever is committed to control this disease.

Liu J, Chen YF, Li ZT, Tu DH, Wu H, Zhu YH, Zhuang H. · Faculty of Etiological Biology Basic Medical college, Beijing University, Beijing 100083, China · Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. · Pubmed #15481130 No free full text.

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Wang L, Zhuang H. · Professor of Department of Microbiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, China. · World J Gastroenterol. · Pubmed #15259057 links to  free full text

Abstract: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an unclassified, small, non-enveloped RNA virus, as a causative agent of acute hepatitis E that is transmitted principally via the fecal-oral route. The virus can cause large water-born epidemics of the disease and sporadic cases as well. Hepatitis E occurs predominantly in developing countries, usually affecting young adults, with a high fatality rate up to 15-20% in pregnant women. However, no effective treatment currently exists for hepatitis E, and the only cure is prevention. But so far there are no commercial vaccines for hepatitis E available in the world. Although at least four major genotypes of HEV have been identified to date, only one serotype of HEV is recognized. So there is a possibility to produce a broadly protective vaccine. Several studies for the development of an effective vaccine against hepatitis E are in progress and the best candidate at present for a hepatitis E vaccine is a recombinant HEV capsid antigen expressed in insect cells from a baculovirus vector. In this article, the recent advances of hepatitis E and the development of vaccine research for HEV including recombinant protein vaccine, DNA vaccine and the recombinant hepatitis E virus like particles (rHEV VLPs) are briefly reviewed.

Chang YB, Wang L, Zhu YH, Zhuang H. · Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China. · Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. · Pubmed #19565886 No free full text.

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Xiao N, Shi S, Zhuang H. · Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China. · Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. · Pubmed #19565858 No free full text.

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Liu XE, Zhuang H. · Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, China. · Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. · Pubmed #19180731 No free full text.

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Jin H, Wang J, Yan L, Nie JJ, Li J, Zhuang H. · Department of Microbiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China. · Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. · Pubmed #19173971 No free full text.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish a hepatitis B virus (HBV) nested PCR (nPCR) for detection of genotypes A-D and subgenotypes B1, B2, C1 and C2. METHODS: The entire HBV nucleotide sequences of genotypes A-H retrieved from GenBank were compared and analyzed by DNAStar software. The PCR primers were designed by Primer Premier 5.0 software, and the nPCR for genotyping HBV/A-D as well as subgenotyping B1, B2, C1 and C2 were established. There were 3 steps in the process:step 1 for genotypes B, D and subgenotypes C1, C2 with the amplification of Mix A; step 2 for genotype A with the amplification of Mix B; step 3 for subgenotypes B1 and B2 with the amplification of Mix C in the second-round PCR, based on the first-round amplification procedure. A total of 68 serum samples from patients with chronic HBV infection were detected by nPCR. 15 of 68 sera were selected randomly and their PCR products were directly sequenced to confirm the accuracy of the method. RESULTS: Among 68 serum samples of patients with chronic HBV infection detected by the nPCR, 23.53% (16/68) were infected with B2, 11.76% (8/68) with C1, 48.53% (33/68) with C2, 1.47% (1/68) with D, 11.76% (8/68) with B2C2 mix strains, 1.47% (1/68) with C2D mix strains and 1.47% (1/68) with B2/C1/D mix strains. The sequencing analysis of the 15 serum samples had the same results as detected by nPCR. CONCLUSION: nPCR is a simple, rapid method and able to detect genotypes A-D and subgenotypes B1, B2, C1 and C2 subtypes of HBV with both high sensitivity and specificity.

Wu X, Zhou C, Huang WJ, Qi ZB, Liang ZL, Li HM, Zhuang H. · National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products, Beijing 100050, China. · Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. · Pubmed #19173858 No free full text.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare and analyze the sensitivity, specificity of 4 domestic ELISA kits for detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers (HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe, and anti-HBc). METHODS: Five hundred and ninety four serum samples collected from patients with chronic hepatitis B and abnormal blood donors were detected for HBV markers and by 4 domestic ELISA kits. Samples with conflicting results by different diagnostic kits were retested. Samples with the HBsAg values close to the cut-off point were detected by Abbott HBsAg confirmation kit (Architect HBsAg confirm). Sensitivity of the kits was determined, using the national sensitivity reference panels for HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe and anti-HBc. RESULTS: The rates of sensitivity on 4 domestic kits for detection of HBsAg were 4 to 10 times lower, and on the 4 domestic kits for detection of anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe and anti-HBc were 4 to 16 times lower, as compared to Abbott Architect kits. In addition, the domestic HBV ELISA kits had some false positive results. The total coincidence rates of HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HBe, anti-HBc were 96.46%-98.15%, 94.28%-98.15%, 98.15%-99.49%, 90.07%-96.30%, 92.09%-96.80%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Both sensitivity and specificity of the domestically produced HBV ELISA kits should be improved.

Hu ZY, He P, Fang X, Qiu SH, Liang ZL, Li HM, Zhuang H. · National Institute for Control of Pharmaciutical and Biological Products, Beijing 100050, China. · Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. · Pubmed #19103120 No free full text.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the kinesis of cellular and humoral immune responses to different kinds of recombinant hepatitis B(rHB) vaccines in the immunized mice. METHODS: At serial time points, the levels of IFN-gamma and IL-2 secreted by spleeny mononuclear cells (MNC) of the vaccinated mice were detected by enzyme-linked immunospot methods (ELISPOT) after stimulation in vitro with HBsAg MHC class I peptide S28-39 or HBsAg. The lymphocytotoxicity of the immunized mice were also detected (CTL) by a specific lysis assay and the levels of anti-HBs were measured by the Abbott IMX kit. RESULTS: The peak values of IFN-gamma and IL-2 in vaccinated mice were detected by ELISPOT, 10 - 14 days after immunization. The CTL and the level of IFN-gamma induced by rHB vaccine derived from yeast cells (Hansenular polymorpha) (rHP vaccine) were significantly higher than the other two vaccines (P < 0.05). The maximum lysis of CTL appeared in the vaccinated mice on day 10 after immunization, with the percentage of 39.8%. The levels of IL-2 induced by rHP vaccine were significantly higher than the other two vaccines (P < 0.05). However, the IL-2 levels in the rSC (saccharomyces cerevisiae) vaccine group were higher as compared with the rCHO vaccine group at day 7 and day 14 (7 d t = 4.595, P = 0.001 < 0.05; 14 d t = 5.721, P = 0.000 < 0.05) after immunization. The cellular immune response to the rHP vaccine was the strongest while it was the lowest to the rCHO vaccine at day 7 after immunization. The sero-positive rates and the titers of anti-HBs in the vaccinated mice increased with time after vaccination. The titers of anti-HBs in the rCHO vaccine group at day 7 were similar to the rSC vaccine group, but significantly higher than that of the rHP vaccine group (P = 0.044 < 0.05). The anti-HBs titers of the rCHO vaccine group at day 14 were significantly higher as compared to the rSC (P = 0.012 < 0.05) and rHP (P = 0.009 < 0.05) vaccine groups. CONCLUSION: The immune responses induced by the three kinds of rHB vaccines were different in their patterns and levels. According to the intensity of early cellular immune response, the two yeast HB vaccines were superior to the rCHO vaccine, especially to the rHP vaccine. In contrast, the rCHO vaccine induced early seroconversion and high levels of anti-HBs.

Hu ZY, He P, Zhang R, Fang X, Zhu FC, Qiu SH, Li HM, Wang H, Liang ZL, Zhuang H. · National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products, Beijing 100050, China. · Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. · Pubmed #19031766 No free full text.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the kinetics of immune response in mice and human immunized with rHB vaccine or rHBsAg derived from yeast cells (Hansenula polymorpha). METHODS: With different doses,the level of IFN-gamma secreted by spleen mononuclear cells (MNC) including CD8+ T cells by MACs of mice were detected by enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) methods after stimulation in vitro with HBsAg MHC class I peptide S28-39, respectively. At serial time points, the immunized mice were detected for IFN-gamma by ELISPOT as above and for the lymphocytotoxicity test (CTL) by specific lysis assay. The levels of IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-5 and anti-HBs in mice induced by rHB vaccine were detected after single or three doses. Four adults were vaccinated with rHB vaccine according to 0, 1 and 2 month schedule. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected at the 3, 8, 21, 34 and 65 days after the first dose. The CD8+ T cells with high purity obtained by sorting from PBMCs were stimulated with rHBsAg or HBsAg peptides. The SFC of IFN-gamma, IL-2 and IL-4 of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were determined by ELISPOT. RESULTS: The cytokine of IFN-gamma became detectable on day 7 and its peak value appeared on day 14 by ELISPOT. The CTL was detected on day 7 and the maximum lysis of CTL appeared on day 28. The cellular immune response of IFN-gamma of MNCs were significantly correlated with the doses vaccinated from 1 microg to 8 microg (r(positive rates) = 0.951, P(positiverates) = 0.049 < 0.05; r(SFC) = 0.996, P(SFC) = 0.000 < 0.05). IFN-gamma SFC of CD+ T cells were significantly associated with the doses from 1 microg to 4 microg (r = 0.999, P = 0.025 < 0.05). The HBsAg specific cellular immune an d humoral responses of mice immunized withthree doses were significantly higher than that with a single dose (P < 0.05). The characteristics of IFN-gamma, IL-2 and IL-4 of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were variable between individuals immunized with the same rHB vaccine. The level of IL-2 and IL-4 of responders were significantly related to the titer of anti-HBs. CONCLUSION: Data from this study showed the kinesis of cellular immunity in mice and adults vaccinated with rHBsAg or rHB vaccine respectively, and the characteristics of cellular immune response in adults induced by the vaccine. Our data provided the basis of standardizing the analysis of cellular immune response to rHB vaccine.

Wang J, Gao JW, Zhuang H, Li J, Wang J, Li YJ, Jin H. · Department of Microbiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, China. · Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. · Pubmed #18785479 No free full text.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution of sub-genotype B on hepatitis B virus (HBV) in patients with HBV chronic infection from 4 cities (Beijing, Shijiazhuang, Wenzhou and Shenzhen) of China. METHODS: A type-specific nested polymerase chain reaction(PCR) with multiplex pairs of primers was used for HBV genotyping,and Ba and Bj sub-genotypes were identified by a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. A total of 101 serum samples collected from patients with chronic HBV/B infection were detected. Among them, 18 were collected from Beijing, 22 from Shijiazhuang, 34 from Wenzhou and 27 from Shenzhen. Thirty from the 101 serum samples were randomly selected and analyzed by PCR product sequencing. RESULTS: All of the 101 serum samples were identified as sub-genotype Ba,and none of them was sub-genotype Bj. CONCLUSION: Sub-genotype Ba was a predominant strain of HBV/B in patients with chronic HBV infection from these 4 cities.

Gong J, Li RC, Li YP, Yang JY, Chen XR, Nong Y, Huang ZN, Li Q, Liu CB, Zhuang H. · Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China. · Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. · Pubmed #18785470 No free full text.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the dynamic changes of the anti-HBs level among immunized newborn infants born to HBsAg-positive and HBsAg-negative mothers in hyper-endemic area of Hepatitis B. METHODS: Infants who were regularly vaccinated with Hepatitis B vaccine and tested to be anti-HBs positive were divided into two groups according to HBsAg-positive or negative mothers in Long-an, Guangxi. Each subject was followed up 3 times during age 5 to 8. SPRIA was used to test HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc. Results During the follow-up period, positive rates of anti-HBs in children born to HBsAg-positive mothers ranged between 52.00% and 78.00%, and those with HBsAg-negative mothers was between 43.84% and 54.74%. GMT in two groups was between 55.36 mIU/ml and 95.66 mIU/ml as well as between 39.90 mIU/ml and 65.47 mIU/ml, respectively. There was no statistical significance in both positive rates and GMT between age groups. The anti-HBs level in the follow-up period of children born to HBsAg-positive mothers was higher than that of those born to HBsAg-negative mothers in the same age group. In the age group of 6-8 years with HBsAg-negative mothers, the positive rates in the follow-up period of children with high anti-HBs titers in the primary vaccination were 2.29-2.84 times of those with low titers. The anti-HBs titer of children in a follow-up period was lower than that in the primary vaccination, no matter whether they were born to HBsAg-positive mothers. However, the decline rate of children born to HBsAg-negative mothers was significantly higher than those born to HBsAg-positive mothers (84.91% vs. 61.54%; chi2 = 28.7982, P = 0.000). The incidence rate (25.64%) of a 4-fold increase in antibody titers of children born to HBsAg-positive mothers was significantly higher than that of children born to HBsAg-negative mothers (7.37%) from the primary vaccination to the follow-up period (chi2 = 6.7661, P = 0.009) with was 3.5 times of the latter. Subjects with HBsAg seroconvertion were those with low anti-HBs titers in primary vaccination. CONCLUSION: The anti-HBs level decreased slowly in successfully immunized children from age 5 to 8. The chance of natural booster yielded by natural infection increased in immunized children born to HBsAg-positive mothers. The anti-HBs level in the primary vaccination played an important role in prevention of seroconversion of HBsAg.

Wang J, Gao JW, Li J, Zhuang H, Wang J, Li YJ, Jin H. · Department of Microbiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, China. · Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. · Pubmed #18686861 No free full text.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish a sensitive, specific, simple and practicable method for identifying the two sub-genotypes (Ba and Bj) of genotype B isolates of hepatitis B virus (HBV) (HBV/ B). METHODS: The entire nucleotide sequences of HBV/B and HBV/C were obtained from GenBank, compared and analyzed with DNAStar software. The specific primers for HBV/B (HB) and Ba (BA), Bj (BJ) were designed respectively. HB as HBV/B specific primer (sense) and HBAS-4V (designed by Japanese scientists Sugauchi et al) as a universal outer primer (antisense) were used in the first-round PCR. In the second-round PCR, HB was also used as sense primer while BA and BJ as inner primers (antisense) and they were added into a single tube for PCR reaction. The two sub-genotypes of HBV/B were identified according to the length of the PCR products. A total of 71 HBV DNA-positive serum samples were selected randomly from our laboratory, including 56 HBV/B samples identified by type-specified PCR method and 15 HBV/C samples identified by direct sequencing in preS and S Region (preS/S). All the 71 samples were detected with this semi-nested PCR method. A plasmid containing full length genomic DNA of HBV/Bj, was presented by Professor Kenji Abe as positive control of Bj. Then, the first-round PCR products of 15 HBV/B were randomly selected and sequenced directly, and their sequences were compared phylogenetically with the above known Ba and Bj sequences using Blast and DNAStar softwares to confirm the results of semi-nested PCR. RESULTS: 56 HBV/B samples were all identified as HBV/Ba by our semi-nested PCR method. 15 randomly selected PCR products were all sequenced as HBV/Ba. All of the 15 HBV/C samples were negative. CONCLUSION: A simple, rapid, sensitive and specific method for identifying sub-genotypes Ba and Bj was established with might be used for large-scale clinical and epidemiological studies.

Ji Y, Zhu Y, Liang J, Wei X, Yang X, Wang L, Li L, Chang Y, Tang R, Zhuang H. · Department of Microbiology, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xuanyuan Road, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China. · J Gastroenterol. · Pubmed #18648744 No free full text.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In rural areas of southern China, where hepatitis E is endemic, residents generally rear pigs in pigsties near their houses. The study was conducted to assess the possibility that hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections in this region are acquired primarily through contact with swine. METHODS: One hundred twenty swine fecal samples collected from pigsties located in eight rural communities of southern China were tested for HEV RNA. The swine HEV isolates were analyzed genetically and were experimentally inoculated into rhesus monkeys to determine the potential risk of cross-species infection. RESULTS: Twenty-nine of the 120 swine fecal samples were positive for HEV RNA. The nucleotide sequences of these swine HEV strains shared 85%-99% identities with the local human genotype 4 isolates and belonged to two subgroups of genotype 4. Importantly, swine HEV strains representing both subgroups induced hepatitis in rhesus monkeys by inoculation with the virus, evidenced by elevated serum alanine transaminase (ALT), viremia, fecal viral shedding, anti-HEV seroconversion, and liver histopathological changes. CONCLUSIONS: Swine may be the principal reservoir for human HEV infection in rural southern China.