Hepatitis: Toledano MB

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A digest of articles written 1999 and later, on the topic "Hepatitis," originating from Planet Earth —» Toledano MB.  Display:  All Citations ·  All Abstracts
1 Review Hepatocellular carcinoma: epidemiology, risk factors and pathogenesis. free! 2008

Gomaa AI, Khan SA, Toledano MB, Waked I, Taylor-Robinson SD. · Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Imperial College London, St Mary's Hospital Campus, Praed Street, London W2 1NY, United Kingdom. · World J Gastroenterol. · Pubmed #18666317 links to  free full text

Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the commonest primary malignant cancer of the liver in the world. Given that the burden of chronic liver disease is expected to rise owing to increasing rates of alcoholism, hepatitis B and C prevalence and obesity-related fatty liver disease, it is expected that the incidence of HCC will also increase in the foreseeable future. This article summarizes the international epidemiology, the risk factors and the pathogenesis of HCC, including the roles of viral hepatitis, toxins, such as alcohol and aflatoxin, and insulin resistance.

2 Article Epidemiology, risk factors, and pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma. free! 2008

Khan SA, Toledano MB, Taylor-Robinson SD. · Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Imperial College London London UK. · HPB (Oxford). · Pubmed #18773060 links to  free full text

Abstract: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a fatal cancer of the biliary epithelium, arising either within the liver (intrahepatic, ICC) or in the extrahepatic bile ducts (extrahepatic ECC). Globally, CCA is the second most common primary hepatic malignancy. Several recent epidemiological studies have shown that the incidence and mortality rates of ICC are increasing. This review of the literature on the international epidemiological rates of CCA, both intra- and extrahepatic, explores possible explanations for the trends found. The possible role of epidemiological artifact in the findings is discussed and the known risk factors for CCA are summarized. These include primary sclerosing cholangitis, liver fluke infestation, congenital fibropolycystic liver, bile duct adenomas, and biliary papillomatosis, hepatolithiasis, chemical carcinogens such as nitrosamines, Thorotrast, chronic viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, chronic non-alcoholic liver disease and obesity. Potential pathways involved in the molecular pathogenesis of CCA are also summarized.