Hepatitis: Liu B

Liu B, Woltman AM, Janssen HL, Boonstra A. · Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. · J Leukoc Biol. · Pubmed #18818373 No free full text.

Abstract: Worldwide, chronic viral infections cause major health problems with severe morbidity and mortality. HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) manifest themselves as persistent infections, but they are entirely distinct viruses with distinct replication mechanisms, tropism, and kinetics. Coinfections with HCV among people with HIV are emerging as a growing problem. Cellular immune responses play an important role in viral clearance and disease pathogenesis. However, cellular immunity to HIV and HCV is affected severely in chronic patients. Various hypotheses have been proposed to explain the dysfunctional T cell response, including viral escape mutations, exhaustion of the T cell compartment, and the activity of regulatory T cells. Also, modulation of the function of dendritic cells (DC) has been suggested as one of the mechanisms used by persistent viruses to evade the immune system. In this review, we will focus on DC interactions with one murine persistent virus (lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus clone 13) and two human persistent viruses (HIV-1 and HCV), intending to examine if general strategies are used by persistent viruses to modulate the function of DC to improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the development and maintenance of viral persistence.

Strayer DS, Cordelier P, Kondo R, Liu B, Matskevich AA, McKee HJ, Nichols CN, Mitchell CB, Geverd DA, White MK, Strayer MS. · Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA. · Curr Gene Ther. · Pubmed #15853724 No free full text.

Abstract: The natural function of viruses is to deliver their genetic material to cells. Among the most effective of viruses in doing that is Simian Virus-40 (SV40). The properties that make SV40 a successful virus make it an attractive candidate for use as a gene delivery vehicle: high titer replication, infectivity for almost all nucleated cell types whether the cells are dividing or resting, potential for integration into cellular DNA, a peculiar pathway for entering cells that bypasses the cells' antigen processing apparatus, very high stability, and the apparent ability to activate expression of its own capsid genes in trans. Exploiting these and other characteristics of wild type (wt) SV40, increasing numbers of laboratories are studying recombinant (r) SV40-derived vectors. Among the uses to which these vectors have been applied are: delivering therapy to inhibit HIV, hepatitis C virus (HCV) and other viruses; correction of inherited hepatic and other protein deficiencies; immunizing against lentiviral and other antigens; treatment of inherited and acquired diseases of the central nervous system; protecting the lung and other organs from free radical-induced injury; and many others. The effectiveness of these vectors is a reflection of the adaptive evolution that produced their parent virus, wt SV40. This article explores how and why these vectors work, their strengths and their limitations, and provides a functional model for their exploitation for experimental and clinical applications.

Liu B, Wang YM. · No affiliation provided · Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi. · Pubmed #12526315 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Chen CX, Guo SM, Liu B, Yang JH, Xu N, Liu KW. · Department of Infectious Diseases, 105th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Hefei 230031, China. · Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. · Pubmed #12546741 No free full text.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To prevent chronic severe hepatitis, even more fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) occurrence in patients with chronic hepatitis B of severe degree using steroid. METHODS: 120 patients were randomized into conventional supporting treatment and steroid treatment groups. The latter, 62 patients were given intravenously hydrocortisone sodium succinate at the dose of 150 mg to approximately 200 mg everyday plus support care. RESULTS: The rate of deteriorating to chronic severe hepatitis in steroid treatment group was significantly lower than that of conventional group (22% vs 48%, x(2) =7.60, P<0.01). 53.6% (15/28) patients with chronic severe hepatitis in conventional group died, while only 28.6% (4/14) in steroid treatment group succumbed to terminal liver disease (x(2)=0.02, P>0.05). There was no difference between the two groups regarding to complications incidence: gastrointestinal bleeding and infections except for some controllable serious reverse events, such as candidiasis, diabetes, herpes zoster and pulmonary tuberculosis found in some patients in steroid-treated group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that steroid administration with improved support care not only is likely to prevent chronic severe hepatitis occurrence in patients with chronic viral hepatitis of severe degree, but also shows some efficacy for FHF, which warrant further investigation.

Chen C, Guo SM, Liu B. · Department of Infectious Diseases, 105th Hospital, HeFei, China. · J Viral Hepat. · Pubmed #10849265 No free full text.

Abstract: It has recently been shown that a Chinese traditional medicine, kurorinone, extracted from Sophora Flavescens Ait, possesses antiviral properties. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of kurorinone treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Ninety-four patients with abnormal alanine transaminase (ALT) levels and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and/or hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA-positivity were randomly assigned to receive either kurorinone 400 mg daily (45 patients) or 3 million units (MU) of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) (49 patients, daily for 1 month, every other day for 2 months) for 3 months. Patients were followed-up for 12 months. At baseline, both groups were comparable regarding age, gender and serological parameters. At the end of treatment, complete response (defined as ALT normalization and HBeAg and/or HBV DNA loss) occurred in 50% of the kurorinone group and in 61.3% of the IFN-alpha-treated group (P > NS). At the end of the 12-month follow-up period, a complete response (sustained response) occurred in 26.7-36.7% of kurorinone-treated patients with moderate or mild liver damage and in 44.4-46.7% of IFN-alpha-treated patients with similar liver injury. In kurorinone- as well as in IFN-alpha-treated patients, there was no statistical significant difference with respect to complete response rates between HBeAg-positive and hepatitis B e antibody-positive subgroups. Kurorinone had no untoward side-effects except for local pain at injection sites. The results of this trial suggest that kurorinone is able to inhibit HBV replication and improve disease remission in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Deng MH, Liu B, Fang HP, Pan WD, Tang ZF, Deng P, Zhong YS, Xu RY. · Department of Hepato-biliary Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China. · World J Gastroenterol. · Pubmed #18161932 links to  free full text

Abstract: AIM: To evaluate the predictive value of D-dimer as a predictive indicator of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) after portal hypertension surgery in hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis. METHODS: A prospective study was carried out in 52 patients who had undergone surgery for portal hypertension in hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis. Changes in perioperative dynamic D-dimer were observed. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values and negative predictive values of D-dimer were calculated, and ROC curves were analyzed. RESULTS: The D-dimer levels in the group developing postoperative PVT was significantly higher than those in the group not developing PVT (P = 0.001), and the ROC semiquantitative and qualitative analysis of D-dimer showed a moderate predictive value in PVT (semi-quantitative value Az = 0.794, P = 0.000; qualitative analysis: Az = 0.739, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Dynamic monitoring of D-dimer levels in patients with portal hypertension after surgery can help early diagnosis of PVT, as in cases where the D-dimer levels steadily increase and exceed 16 microg/mL, the possibility of PVT is very high.

Lu F, Xia Q, Ma Y, Yuan G, Yan H, Qian L, Hu M, Wang M, Lu H, Wang H, Liu B, Xue Y, Wang H, Li M, Shen B, Guo N. · School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, West China Medical Center of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China. · Biochem Biophys Res Commun. · Pubmed #18154727 No free full text.

Abstract: In the present study, by using a serologic proteomic analysis, we identified phosphoglycerate mutase isozyme B (PGAM-B) as a putative target of autoantibodies in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). To evaluate whether the identified autoantigen is crucial for AIH, we cloned PGAM-B cDNA and expressed the recombinant protein in Escherichia coli. The soluble PGAM-B was purified by affinity chromatography and used as a coating antigen to determine the frequency of the PGAM-B-autoantibodies (PGAM-B-Abs) in patients with AIH and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) as well as chronic hepatitis B (CHB), chronic hepatitis C (CHC), and healthy donors by ELISA. Our study showed that the autoantibody to PGAM-B was predominantly present in AIH patients and 70.04% (50/71) of the tested AIH sera reacted to PGAM-B. The frequency of autoantibodies to PGAM-B is much higher in patients with AIH than in patients with PBC, CHB, CHC, and normal control. The data were further confirmed by using 1-DE Western blot analysis. Our study presents the first description of this protein as a candidate of diagnostic marker for AIH.

Gong GZ, Cao J, Jiang YF, Zhou Y, Liu B. · Institute of Hepatology and Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China. · World J Gastroenterol. · Pubmed #17696225 links to  free full text

Abstract: AIM: To study the effect of Hepatitis C virus non-structural 5A (HCV NS5A) on IFNalpha induced signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT1) phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. METHODS: Expression of STAT1 Tyr701 phosphorylation at different time points was confirmed by Western blot, and the time point when p-STAT1 expressed most, was taken as the IFN induction time for further studies. Immunocytochemistry was used to confirm the successful transient transfection of NS5A expression plasmid. Immunofluorescence was performed to observe if there was any difference in IFNalpha-induced STAT1 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation between HCV NS5A-expressed and non-HCV NS5A-expressed cells. Western blot was used to compare the phosphorylated STAT1 protein of the cells. RESULTS: Expression of HCV NS5A was found in the cytoplasm of P(CNS5A-transfected ) Huh7 cells, but not in the PRC/CMV transfected or non-transfected cells. STAT1 Tyr701 phosphorylation was found strongest in 30 min of IFN induction. STAT1 phosphorylation and nuclear import were much less in the presence of HCV NS5A protein in contrast to P( RC/CMV-transfected ) and non-transfected cells under fluorescent microscopy, which was further confirmed by Western blot. CONCLUSION: HCV NS5A expression plasmid is successfully transfected into Huh7 cells and HCV NS5A protein is expressed in the cytoplasm of the cells. IFN-alpha is able to induce STAT1 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, and this effect is inhibited by HCV NS5A protein, which might be another possible resistance mechanism to interferon alpha therapy.

Zhou X, Liu B, Yu X, Zha X, Zhang X, Chen Y, Wang X, Jin Y, Wu Y, Chen Y, Shan Y, Chen Y, Liu J, Kong W, Shen J. · College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China. · J Control Release. · Pubmed #17630014 No free full text.

Abstract: A novel approach involving the preparation of mannose-bearing chitosan microspheres with entrapping complexes of HBV DNA and PEI was developed to improve the delivery of DNA into antigen-presenting cells (APCs) after intramuscular (i.m.) injection. Compared with the traditional chitosan microspheres, the microspheres could quickly release intact and penetrative PEI/DNA complexes. What's more, chitosan was modified with mannose to target the primary APCs such as dendritic cells (DCs) owing to the high density of mannose receptors expressing on the surface of immature DCs. After i.m. immunization, the microspheres induced significantly enhanced serum antibody and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in comparison to naked DNA.

Liu B, Yan LN, Wang WT, Li B, Zeng Y, Wen TF, Xu MQ, Yang JY, Chen ZY, Zhao JC, Ma YK, Liu JW, Wu H. · Liver Transplantation Division, Department of Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China. · World J Gastroenterol. · Pubmed #17352031 links to  free full text

Abstract: AIM: To investigate the safety of adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation (A-A LDLT) in both donors and recipients. METHODS: From January 2002 to July 2006, 50 cases of A-A LDLT were performed at West China Hospital, Sichuan University, consisting of 47 cases using right lobe graft without middle hepatic vein (MHV), and 3 cases using dual grafts (one case using two left lobe, 2 using one right lobe and one left lobe). The most common diagnoses were hepatitis B liver cirrosis, 30 (60%) cases; and hepatocellular carcinoma, 15 (30%) cases in adult recipients. Among them, 10 cases had the model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) with a score of more than 25. Donor screening consisted of reconstruction of the hepatic blood vessels and biliary system with 3-dimension computed tomography and volumetry of whole liver and right liver volume. Various improved surgical techniques were adopted in the procedures for both donors and recipients. RESULTS: Forty-nine right lobes and 3 left lobes (2 left lobe grafts for 1 recipient, 1 left lobe graft for 1 recipient who had received right lobe graft donated by relative living donor) were obtained from 52 living donors. The 49 right lobe grafts, without MHV, weighed 400 g-850 g (media 550 g), and the ratio of graft volume to recipient standard liver volume (GV/SLV) ranged from 31.74% to 71.68% (mean 45.35%). All donors' remnant liver volume was over 35% of the whole liver volume. There was no donor mortality. With a follow-up of 2-52 mo (media 9 mo), among 50 adult recipients, complications occurred in 13 (26%) cases and 4 (8%) died postoperatively within 3 mo. Their 1-year actual survival rate was 92%. CONCLUSION: When preoperative CT volumetry shows volume of remnant liver is more than 35%, the ratio of right lobe graft to recipients standard liver volume exceeding 40%, A-A LDLT using right lobe graft without MHV should be a very safe procedure for both donors and recipients, otherwise dual grafts liver transplantation should be considered.

Embury JE, Charron CE, Martynyuk A, Zori AG, Liu B, Ali SF, Rowland NE, Laipis PJ. · Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, PO Box 100245, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA. · Brain Res. · Pubmed #17112485 links to  free full text

Abstract: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a common genetic disorder in humans that arises from deficient activity of phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), which catalyzes the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine. There is a resultant hyperphenylalanemia with subsequent impairment in cognitive abilities, executive functions and motor coordination. The neuropathogenesis of the disease has not been completely elucidated, however, oxidative stress is considered to be a key feature of the disease process. Hyperphenylalanemia also adversely affects monoaminergic metabolism in the brain. For this reason we chose to evaluate the nigrostriatum of Pah(enu2) mice, to determine if alterations of monoamine metabolism resulted in morphologic nigrostriatal pathology. Furthermore, we believe that recent developments in adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based vectors have greatly increased the potential for long-term gene therapy and may be a viable alternative to dietary treatment for this metabolic disorder. In this study we identified neurodegenerative changes with regenerative responses in the nigrostriatum of Pah(enu2) mice that are consistent with oxidative injury and occurred as early as 4 weeks of age. These neuropathologic changes were reversed following portal vein delivery of a recombinant adeno-associated virus-mouse phenylalanine hydroxylase-woodchuck hepatitis virus post-transcriptional response element (rAAV-mPAH-WPRE) vector to Pah(enu2) mice and corresponded to rapid reduction of serum Phe levels.

Liu Y, Zhong W, Meng S, Kong J, Lu H, Yang P, Girault HH, Liu B. · Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China. · Chemistry. · Pubmed #16800018 No free full text.

Abstract: A biocompatible interface was constructed on a microchip by using the layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly of charged polysaccharides incorporating proteases for highly efficient proteolysis. The controlled assembly of natural polyelectrolytes and the enzyme-adsorption step were monitored by using a quartz-crystal microbalance and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Such a multilayer-assembled membrane provides a biocompatible interconnected network with high enzyme-loading capacity. The maximum digestion rate of the adsorbed trypsin in a microchannel was significantly accelerated to 1600 mM min(-1) microg(-1), compared with the tryptic digestion in solution. Based on the Langmuir isotherm model, the thermodynamic constant of adsorption K was calculated to be 1.6 x 10(5) M(-1) and the maximum adsorption loading Gammamax was 3.6 x 10(-6) mol m(-2), 30 times more than a monolayer of trypsin on the native surface. The tunable interface containing trypsin was employed to construct a microchip reactor for digestion of femtomoles of proteins and the produced peptides were analyzed by MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy. The efficient on-chip proteolysis was obtained within a few seconds, and the identification of biological samples was feasible.

Ding XJ, Li SB, Li SZ, Liu HS, Liu B, Xu FM, Gu RW. · Department of Infectious Diseases, People's Hospital of Zhoushan, Zhoushan 316000, China. · Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. · Pubmed #16381637 No free full text.

Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To study the quantitative relationship between the levels of serum liver fibrosis markers and fibrosis stages of liver tissues in patients with chronic hepatic diseases. METHODS: In 118 patients with chronic hepatitis, fatty liver or cirrhosis, their Serum levels of LN, HA, PCIII and CIV were investigated by EIA and their liver histological changes were studied. The relationship between the levels of serum LN, HA, PCIII and CIV and the degrees of liver tissue fibrosis was analyzed quantitatively by using the SPSS11.0. RESULTS: A correlation between the levels of serum LN, HA, PCIII and CIV and the histologically assessed grades of inflammatory activity was found (r = 0.394, 0.449, 0.443, 0.351, respectively, P <0.01). The correlation between the levels of serum LN, HA, PCIII and CIV and the histological assessed stages of liver fibrosis was strong (r = 0.456, 0.564, 0.476, 0.421 respectively, P <0.01). The levels of serum LN, HA, PCIII and CIV of the patients with a stage 2 liver fibrosis were 110 ng/ml, 110 ng/ml, 100 ng/ml and 70 ng/ml respectively, with sensibilities of diagnosing stage 2 liver fibrosis at 70%, 79%, 79% and 74% respectively. Their specificities in diagnosing stage 2 liver fibrosis were 68%, 72%, 64% and 73% respectively. The levels of LN, HA, PCIII and CIV in serum of these patients diagnosing cut-off value in stage 4 liver fibrosis (early cirrhosis) were 130 ng/ml, 140 ng/ml, 120 ng/ml and 70 ng/ml respectively. Their sensibility of diagnosing liver cirrhosis was 79%, 93%, 79% and 86% respectively. Their specificity of diagnosing liver cirrhosis was 66%, 82%, 72% and 61% respectively. As shown by the ROC curves in these patients, differentiating patients with cirrhosis or without cirrhosis, serum HA level was more valuable than LN, PCIII, CIV (the areas under the curves = 0.938 vs 0.775, 0.787, 0.791 ) When serum HA was higher than 190 ng/ml, the veracity of diagnosing liver cirrhosis was 93%. CONCLUSIONS: There is a certain quantitative relationship between the levels of LN, HA, PCIII and CIV in serum and the degrees of liver tissue fibrosis. The level of HA in serum is an important reference datum for early diagnosing liver cirrhosis.

Liu B, Wang YM. · Department of Infectious Diseases, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Area, Kunming 650223, China. · Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. · Pubmed #12648408 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.

Li Y, Tang Y, Ye L, Liu B, Liu K, Chen J, Xue Q. · Liver Cancer Institute and Zhong Shan Hospital of Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China. · J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. · Pubmed #12618900 No free full text.

Abstract: PURPOSE: To establish a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line from lung metastatic lesions of human HCC in nude mice so as to provide a suitable model for the study of lung-metastasis-related molecular mechanisms. METHODS: HCC clone cells MHCC97-H were inoculated into BALB/c nude mice, and the pulmonary metastatic lesions were harvested and re-implanted into nude mice for the second round of in vivo selection. The same procedure was repeated twice. A new cell line from the third round of lung metastases was established. RESULTS: A human HCC cell line with unique metastatic characteristics was established by in vivo selection. This cell line, designated as HCCLM3, was polygonal epithelial cell with hypotriploid karyotype and population doubling time of 34.9 h. The cells were positive for alpha fetoprotein (AFP), albumin, cytokeratin 8 (CK8), and negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) by immunocytochemistry. Fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed HBV DNA integration in the cellular genome. When 5 x 10(6) cells were injected subcutaneously into nude mice, tumorigenicity was 100%, with a latency period of 11+/-1 days. Five weeks after s.c. injection, the pulmonary metastatic rate was 100%, the median number of lung metastases being 121 per mouse. After orthotopic implantation of tumor tissue into nude mouse liver for 35 days, widespread loco-regional and distant metastases occurred, with 100% abdominal wall metastases, 80% intra-abdominal cavity metastases, 100% intrahepatic metastases, 70% diaphragm metastases, and 100% pulmonary metastases. The median number of lung metastatic lesions was 268 per mouse. Gene expression profile of HCCLM3 was compared by cDNA microarray with MHCC97-L, a clonal cell strain from the same parental cell line but with low metastatic potential; 25 differentially expressed genes were identified, 18 of which showed decreased expression and seven increased expression in HCCLM3, including the decreased expression of cell cycle control gene Rb2, mismatch repair gene hMSH2, and signal transduction gene protein kinase C beta2, and increased expression of signal transduction gene MAP kinase, kinase 6. CONCLUSIONS: A new HCC cell line characterized by high pulmonary metastases via s.c. and orthotopic inoculation was established, which provides a new model for the study of liver cancer metastasis. Its gene expression profile could help in the understanding of the mechanism of metastasis and provide potential targets for anti-metastasis intervention.

Hemminki A, Kanerva A, Kremer EJ, Bauerschmitz GJ, Smith BF, Liu B, Wang M, Desmond RA, Keriel A, Barnett B, Baker HJ, Siegal GP, Curiel DT. · Division of Human Gene Therapy, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-2172, USA. · Mol Ther. · Pubmed #12597904 No free full text.

Abstract: Oncolytic adenoviruses, which selectively replicate in and subsequently kill cancer cells, have emerged as a promising approach for treatment of tumors resistant to other modalities. Although preclinical results have been exciting, single-agent clinical efficacy has been less impressive heretofore. The immunogenicity of adenoviruses, and consequent premature abrogation of replication, may have been a partial reason. Improving the oncolytic potency of agents has been hampered by the inability to study host-vector interactions in immune-competent systems, since human serotype adenoviruses do not productively replicate in animal tissues. Therefore, approaches such as immunomodulation, which could result in sustained replication and subsequently increased oncolysis, have not been studied. Utilizing the osteocalcin promoter for restricting the replication of a canine adenovirus to dog osteosarcoma cells, we generated and tested the first nonhuman oncolytic adenovirus. This virus effectively killed canine osteosarcoma cells in vitro and yielded a therapeutic benefit in vivo. Canine osteosarcoma is the most frequent malignant disease in large dogs, with over 8000 cases in the United States annually, and there is no curative treatment. Therefore, immunomodulation for increased oncolytic potency could be studied with clinical trials in this population. This could eventually translate into human trials.

Xie D, Zhang J, Gong Z, Liu B, Tang Q, Han Y, Dou Y, Zhao J. · National Vaccine and Serum Institute, Beijing 100024. · Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. · Pubmed #11864474 No free full text.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study immunogenecity of yeast-derived recombinant hepatitis B (YHB) component in diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus-YHB vaccine (DPTw-YHB). METHODS: Immunogenecity of tetra-valent DTPw-YHB vaccine and mono-valent recombinant YHB vaccine, and that of the tetra-valent vaccine with varied YHB component were compared. The efficiency and stability of recombinant YHB in the tetra-valent vaccine stored at 2 - 8 degrees C for 18 months were determined. RESULTS: The efficiency of recombinant YHB in the tetra-valent vaccine enhanced significantly in mice, as compared with that of mono-valent recombinant YHB vaccine, with an average mouse ED(50) of 1:2.0 - 1:3.1. There was no significant difference in efficiency of the tetra-valent vaccine with varied recombinant YHB component. Recombinant YHBin the DPTw-YHB tetra-valent vaccine still kept good stability stored at 2 - 8 degrees C for 18 months. CONCLUSION: Recombinant YHB in the tetra-valent vaccine was more immunogenic than the mono-valent YHB vaccine. No interference and inhibition of DPTw to recombinant YHB was found, indicating good compatibility between DPTw and YHB.

Liu B, Xi Z. · Infections diseases hospital of Taiyuan, Taiyuan 030012, China. · Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. · Pubmed #11856510 No free full text.

This publication has no abstract.