| 1 |
Review Cross-examining dissociative identity disorder: neuroimaging and etiology on trial. 2008
Reinders AA. · King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Division of Psychological Medicine, London, UK. · Neurocase. · Pubmed #18569730 No free full text.
Abstract: Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is probably the most disputed of psychiatric diagnoses and of psychological forensic evaluations in the legal arena. The iatrogenic proponents assert that DID phenomena originate from psychotherapeutic treatment while traumagenic proponents state that DID develops after severe and chronic childhood trauma. In addition, DID that is simulated with malingering intentions, but not stimulated by psychotherapeutic treatment, may be called pseudogenic. With DID gaining more interest among the general public it can be expected that the number of pseudogenic cases will grow and the need to distinguish between traumagenic, iatrogenic or pseudogenic DID will increase accordingly. This paper discusses whether brain imaging studies can inform the judiciary and/or distinguish the etiology of DID.
|
| 2 |
Article rCBF differences between panic disorder patients and control subjects during anticipatory anxiety and rest. 2002
Boshuisen ML, Ter Horst GJ, Paans AM, Reinders AA, den Boer JA. · Department of Psychiatry, Division of Biological Psychiatry, Graduate School of Behavioral and Cognitive Neurosciences, Groningen University Hospital, The Netherlands. · Biol Psychiatry. · Pubmed #12114004 No free full text.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Our goal was to identify brain structures involved in anticipatory anxiety in panic disorder (PD) patients compared to control subjects. METHODS: Seventeen PD patients and 21 healthy control subjects were studied with H(2)(15)O positron emission tomography scan, before and after a pentagastrin challenge. RESULTS: During anticipatory anxiety we found hypoactivity in the precentral gyrus, the inferior frontal gyrus, the right amygdala, and the anterior insula in PD patients compared to control subjects. Hyperactivity in patients compared to control subjects was observed in the parahippocampal gyrus, the superior temporal lobe, the hypothalamus, the anterior cingulate gyrus, and the midbrain. After the challenge, the patients showed decreases compared to the control subjects in the precentral gyrus, the inferior frontal gyrus, and the anterior insula. Regions of increased activity in the patients compared to the control subjects were the parahippocampal gyrus, the superior temporal lobe, the anterior cingulate gyrus, and the midbrain. CONCLUSIONS: The pattern of regional cerebral blood flow activations and deactivations we observed both before and after the pentagastrin challenge was the same, although different in intensity. During anticipatory anxiety more voxels were (de)activated than during rest after the challenge.
|