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Review Premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder in adolescents. 2008
Rapkin AJ, Mikacich JA. · Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095-1740, USA. · Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. · Pubmed #18797268 No free full text.
Abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review the current knowledge about the prevalence, diagnosis, and management of premenstrual syndromes in adolescents. RECENT FINDINGS: Large epidemiologic studies addressing adolescent premenstrual disorders, clinical presentation, and comorbidity with other disorders have yet to be performed. Randomized controlled treatment trials for teens with moderate-to-severe premenstrual syndrome or the more severe affective predominant, premenstrual dysphoric disorder still are sorely lacking. This review will present an updated review of the published studies with respect to premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder in adolescents in the context of the large body of literature regarding presentation, diagnosis, and treatment in adult women. SUMMARY: Premenstrual disorders likely start in the teen years. At least 20% of adolescents may experience moderate-to-severe premenstrual symptoms associated with functional impairment. Current treatment includes lifestyle recommendations and pharmacologic agents that suppress the rise and fall of ovarian steroids or augment serotonin.
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Review The clinical nature and formal diagnosis of premenstrual, postpartum, and perimenopausal affective disorders. 2002
Rapkin AJ, Mikacich JA, Moatakef-Imani B, Rasgon N. · Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Box 951740, 27-139 CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. · Curr Psychiatry Rep. · Pubmed #12441021 No free full text.
Abstract: Various mood and anxiety disorders are more prevalent in reproductive-aged women, and appear to be linked to hormonal and reproductive events. Premenstrual affective disorders consist of premenstrual syndrome, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, and premenstrual exacerbation of mood or anxiety disorders. Postpartum affective disorders can range from postpartum "blues" to postpartum depression with or without psychosis, and also include anxiety disorders, such as panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. In perimenopausal women, the vulnerability to mood and anxiety disorders is increased. All of these disorders share risk factors, and have etiologic features in common, such as exposure to the rise and fall of ovarian sex steroids. The following is a review of these syndromes and their etiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
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