Alzheimer Disease: Planet Earth

McConnell LM, Koenig BA, Greely HT, Raffin TA. · Stanford Program in Genomics, Ethics, and Society, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. · Genet Test. · Pubmed #10464572 No free full text.

Abstract: Several genes associated with Alzheimer disease (AD) have been localized and cloned; two genetic tests are already commercially available, and new tests are being developed. Genetic testing for AD--either for disease prediction or for diagnosis--raises critical ethical concerns. The multidisciplinary Alzheimer Disease Working Group of the Stanford Program in Genomics, Ethics, and Society (PGES) presents comprehensive recommendations on genetic testing for AD. The Group concludes that under current conditions, genetic testing for AD prediction or diagnosis is only rarely appropriate. Criteria for judging the readiness of a test for introduction into routine clinical practice typically rely heavily on evaluation of technical efficacy. PGES recommends a broader and more comprehensive approach, considering: 1) the unique social and historical meanings of AD; 2) the availability of procedures to promote good surrogate decision making for incompetent patients and to safeguard confidentiality; 3) access to sophisticated genetic counselors able to communicate complex risk information and effectively convey the social costs and psychological burdens of testing, such as unintentional disclosure of predictive genetic information to family members; 4) protection from inappropriate advertising and marketing of genetic tests; and 5) recognition of the need for public education about the meaning and usefulness of predictive and diagnostic tests for AD. In this special issue of Genetic Testing, the PGES recommendations are published along with comprehensive background papers authored by Working Group members.

Brodaty H, Dresser R, Eisner M, Erkunjuntti T, Gauthier S, Graham N, Jonker C, Sachs G, Whitehouse P. · No affiliation provided · Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. · Pubmed #10372949 No free full text.

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Petersen RC, Trojanowski JQ. · No affiliation provided · JAMA. · Pubmed #19622825 No free full text.

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Manzano S, González J, Marcos A, Payno M, Villanueva C, Matías-Guiu J. · No affiliation provided · Neurologia. · Pubmed #19603296 links to  free full text

Abstract: Introduction. Alzheimer s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease and (it accounts for 60-80 %). The certain diagnosis is made thanks to the brain patients study. Since 1970 there have been developed experimental models that have done a deep approach of this disease and new therapeutic researching. Methods. We review all the papers published about experimental models in AD, and all the new therapeutical approaches base don them using the database Pubmed. Results. Animal models aim to replicate the symptoms, the lesions or the cause(s) of AD. It has been described many experimental models in AD. There are animal models based on the metabolism of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) (human APPwild type wt- o the mutants forms), other based on Presenilin (PS) (transgenic mice that overexpress the form wild-type or the mutant ones), the double mutants PS/APP that develop the lesions earlier. There are other based on tau protein (tau-JNPL3) or the triple transgenic PS/APP/tau. There are also lines with altered expression of neprilysin, the main degrading enzyme of Abeta and also models based on APOE. Other models are rats, chick embryo, dog, primates and cetacean, cell culture of mature hippocampic neurons and the effects of the Abeta oligomers in them (soluble toxic species). Conclusions. Experimental models in AD have supposed a key tool in order to know deeply about neurodegenerative diseases, over all AD. Besides they allow us design new therapeutic approaches. Key words: Experimental models. Alzheimer s disease. Transgenic mice. Cellular models. Treatment. Neurología 2009;24(4):255-262.

Reiman EM. · · J Clin Psychiatry. · Pubmed #19573484 No free full text.

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Nicholl C. · No affiliation provided · BMJ. · Pubmed #19509422 No free full text.

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Ewbank DC, Arnold SE. · No affiliation provided · N Engl J Med. · Pubmed #19474435 No free full text.

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Mayor S. · No affiliation provided · Lancet Neurol. · Pubmed #19446272 No free full text.

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Galvin JE. · No affiliation provided · J Am Med Dir Assoc. · Pubmed #19426934 No free full text.

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Hipkiss AR. · No affiliation provided · Expert Rev Neurother. · Pubmed #19402768 No free full text.

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Bennett DA, Whitmer RA. · No affiliation provided · Neurology. · Pubmed #19386996 No free full text.

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Anonymous153633. · No affiliation provided · Lancet Neurol. · Pubmed #19375658 No free full text.

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Mayeux R, St George-Hyslop P. · No affiliation provided · Arch Neurol. · Pubmed #19364927 No free full text.

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Carrillo MC, Sanders CA, Katz RG. · Alzheimer's Association, Chicago, IL, USA. · Alzheimers Dement. · Pubmed #19362888 No free full text.

Abstract: The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative is the largest public-private partnership on brain research underway at the National Institutes of Health. This 6-year study tracks cognitive and brain changes in normal subjects, those with mild cognitive impairment, and individuals with Alzheimer's disease. It was designed to provide better tools for performing effective clinical trials, and is slated to run until 2010. While data are being generated and analyzed, researchers involved in the study are developing an extension, i.e., the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative II. The Foundation for the National Institutes of Health and the Alzheimer's Association convened a meeting to review the progress, evaluate future directions, and obtain the United States Food and Drug Administration's perspective on how the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative could affect the drug-approval process.

Maier W, Sass H. · No affiliation provided · Nervenarzt. · Pubmed #19212742 No free full text.

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Cribbs DH, Agadjanyan MG. · No affiliation provided · CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. · Pubmed #19355929 No free full text.

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Martínez A, Lahiri DK, Giacobini E, Greig NH. · No affiliation provided · Curr Alzheimer Res. · Pubmed #19355842 No free full text.

Abstract: Although significant accomplishments have been made in research to understand, diagnose and treat Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its prequel, mild cognitive impairment, over the last two decades, a huge amount more remains to be achieved to impact this incurable, terminal disease that afflicts an estimated 26.6 million people worldwide. Increasing evidence indicates that early diagnosis will be fundamental to maximizing treatment benefits. Moreover, mechanistically-based, hypothesis-driven treatment strategies are now emerging to hopefully spearhead future therapy. The crossfertilization of ideas from multiple disciplines will prove key to optimize strategies and translate them to meaningful clinical utility, and forms the basis of the current issue focused on "Advances in Alzheimer therapy".

Luckhaus C. · No affiliation provided · Eur J Neurol. · Pubmed #19348619 No free full text.

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Van Lee R, Meagher B, Fritz P, Penfield S. · Booz Allen Hamilton, McLean, VA, USA. · Alzheimers Dement. · Pubmed #19328452 No free full text.

Abstract: There are many groups and organizations across the government, private, and nonprofit sectors that are passionately engaged in the fight against Alzheimer's disease (AD), but they have constraints on their funding and scope and, therefore, cannot tackle the problem holistically. Addressing the complexities of this epidemic strategically will require the collective efforts of committed stakeholders. Individuals and organizations must work together to identify mutual interests and forge new relationships and partnerships. Through this network of stakeholders, known as a megacommunity, individual members can support and expand their objectives and impact through the combined knowledge and resources in the megacommunity network. Leaders Engaged on Alzheimer's Disease (LEAD) is an example of a megacommunity tackling the toughest issues facing AD patients and their families. LEAD is currently comprised of more that thirty individuals and organizations committed to sharing information and coordinating action across organizational boundaries.

Foster NL, Andersen TC, Zamrini EY. · Center for Alzheimer's Care, Imaging, and Research, Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. · Alzheimers Dement. · Pubmed #19328451 No free full text.

Abstract: Advancing the development of drugs for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is dependent on the ability of investigators to identify, recruit, and retain appropriate subjects in clinical trials. Innovations in care that link primary-care providers with AD researchers can help overcome barriers to early, specific diagnosis and access to research studies. Collaborative care provides a new paradigm for the mutual benefit of patients, providers, and AD research. Recommendations to achieve this goal include funding clinical centers of excellence in AD, linked with community physicians to utilize clinical care and initial evaluations as early entry points for patients into AD research, and funding mini-fellowships for community physicians. Reimbursement for dementia care should be expanded to include periodic cognitive assessments for at-risk individuals, medically directed dementia education, and diagnostic imaging and biomarkers. These innovations can simultaneously improve the translation of research advances, and benefit AD research.

Korczyn AD. · Sieratzki Chair of Neurology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Avia, Israel. · Alzheimers Dement. · Pubmed #19328450 No free full text.

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Reisberg B, Shulman MB. · Aging and Dementia Research Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. · Alzheimers Dement. · Pubmed #19328449 No free full text.

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Fillit H, Nash DT, Shineman D. · Institute for the Study of Aging and Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation, New York, NY, USA. · Alzheimers Dement. · Pubmed #19328448 No free full text.

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Gauthier S, Poirier J. · Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, and McGill Center for Studies in Aging, McGill University, and Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. · Alzheimers Dement. · Pubmed #19328447 No free full text.

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Simpkins JW, Gatson JW, Wigginton JG. · Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Institute for Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA. · Alzheimers Dement. · Pubmed #19328446 No free full text.

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