Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: Minoda H

Minoda H, Usui N, Sata T, Katano H, Serizawa H, Okada S. · Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan. · Jpn J Ophthalmol. · Pubmed #16453181 No free full text.

Abstract: PURPOSE: To demonstrate human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) in Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) of the conjunctiva in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). METHODS: Clinical observation, pathologic findings of conjunctival specimens, immunohistochemical staining for HHV-8-specific antigen, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of HHV-8 DNA, and detection of specific antibody in patient's serum at appropriate times. RESULTS: In the conjunctival specimen, swollen endothelial-like cells were found with slit-like vessels. CD 31-positive cells were noted on the inner surface of the slit-like vessels, and HHV-8 latency-associated nuclear antigen was detected. The presence of HHV-8 DNA was demonstrated by PCR. Anti-HHV-8 antibody was found in the patient's serum. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first case report in the ophthalmology literature that provides histological, DNA, and serological evidence that HHV-8 is involved in the pathogenesis of conjunctival KS.

Kashiwase M, Sata T, Yamauchi Y, Minoda H, Usui N, Iwasaki T, Kurata T, Usui M. · Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University, Japan. · Ophthalmology. · Pubmed #10768344 No free full text.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND: To identify the etiologic agent of rapidly progressive outer retinal necrosis (PORN) in a 32-year-old man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), who had retinitis developed from cytomegalovirus (CMV). Multiple yellowish spots appeared in the deep retina without evidence of intraocular inflammation or retinal vasculitis, diagnosed clinically as PORN. Death occurred after failure of multiple organs. DESIGN: Case report. METHODS: Both globes were taken at autopsy, fixed in formalin, and examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically to identify causative agents in the retinal lesions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: All layers of the retina were severely damaged and contained focal calcification. Cytomegalic inclusion bodies were found in cells in the damaged retina of the right eye. Immunohistochemical studies for herpesviruses revealed the presence of CMV antigens in the right retina at the posterior pole and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-specific antigen in the periphery of both retinas. No varicella-zoster virus (VZV) antigen was detected in either retina. CONCLUSIONS: PORN has been described as a variant of necrotizing herpetic retinopathy, occurring particularly in patients with AIDS. Although the etiologic agent has been reported to be VZV, HSV-1 can be an etiologic agent.